Titanium

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Titanium

What is Titanium?
The element titanium, with chemical abbreviation Ti, has the atomic number 22 and is a member of the transition metals. It appears as a highly lustrous, silver-colored metal. A great deal can be said about titanium simply from its name, the root of which is 'Titan'. In Greek mythology, the Titans were known as a group of very strong and resilient deities (or supernatural beings). Likewise, this metal is considered to be very strong and durable. Titanium is common and can be found in many rocks and sediments. Like many transition metals, titanium forms oxide layers on the surface by reacting with air. However, the metal is very useful in this oxide form, and a host of applications will be discussed later in this lesson.

Titanium Characteristics:
As a member of Group 4 (fourth column of the periodic table, in the transition metals), titanium is commonly found in an oxidation state of +4 (number of electrons it prefers to bond with). Titanium is naturally found in an oxide form. Due to its metallic properties, titanium has high boiling and melting points. Titanium possesses a very low density and high strength. In fact, one of titanium's most useful properties is its high tensile strength to density ratio. Additionally, titanium is well known for its high resistance to corrosion. This very unique property makes titanium the metal of choice for numerous applications where corrosion is a potential problem. Due to these unique properties, titanium finds many uses and applications across the board.

Titanium Uses:
Now, we have mentioned that titanium can be used for a host of applications, so what are they? Well, have you ever wondered what metal is used to build airplanes? You might have guessed that it was steel (which is actually an alloy, not a metal). However, if you guessed titanium, you would be correct. Titanium is the element responsible for the super strength of airplanes. Additionally, titanium is actually orbiting the planet right now. At this very moment, the International Space Station has countless parts that are made from titanium.

Also, have you ever wondered what chemical or element is responsible for the white color in toothpaste or paint? As you might now assume, a titanium-containing complex gives white toothpaste its color. Wow! Who would think that the same metal that makes aircraft so strong could also be used to color toothpaste?

Other benefits of magnesium die castings include:

  • Durability:
    Medical implants made from titanium alloys routinely last 20 or more years inside the human body.
  • Higher strength-to-weight ratio:
    Titanium is stronger and lighter than stainless steel, which largely accounts for its widespread use in surgical implants.
  • Non-ferromagnetic property:
    Because it isn’t magnetic, medical titanium doesn’t interfere with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machines. Because of this property, patients with titanium implants can still safely undergo MRI examinations.
  • Biocompatibility:
    Unlike other metals, medical titanium can remain in constant contact with living tissue without adversely affecting it.
  • Biointerfacing:
    Titanium implants have an engineered biointerface with biomimetic motifs that increase cell contact area by as much as 75%, enhancing the cell’s binding properties. As a result, their use further reduces the chance of implant rejection.
  • Osseointegration:
    Medical titanium implants can physically bond with natural bone, eliminating the need for adhesives.


Titanium Implantable Medical Devices

The strength to weight ratio, hermeticity, biocompatibility and light weight makes titanium the best choice for implantable medical devices.

  • Defibrillators
  • Pacemakers
  • Drug Pumps
  • Bone Growth Stimulators
  • Battery Components
  • LVAD (Left Ventrical Assist Devices
  • Neurostimulation Devices



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